I suspect that a forensic audit of the profit/loss results from DNS gaming will show a net loss. The "profits" from all total redirects and similar credit per click are not "free money". There are overheads. There also are consequences of being scummy. All things taken as a whole I find it more likely that at fiscal year end an ISP will be ahead by *NOT* playing such games. Do please either confirm or deny my logic and explain your reasons -- Oren Beck 816.729.3645