Kelsay:
Very nearly all space in use is being used by the OS proper and, strangely, far less than required for an install. I could hose the system with an rm -rf / and still not have enough space to install new firmware, due to this phantom disk usage problem.

Andrew:
I'm assuming md0 is on one or more of my two disks, but still investigating whether this is safe to do. Researching mdadm-style software RAID is top of my list of things to do in 9-10 hours after work, but not comfortable popping it out just yet/not sure how to tell if this /dev/md0 device is only on one of my disks and not on both, or a third device/onboard flash.

Jack:
Sorry about that - I did have the "fsck -n" output, but didn't want to make my post that much longer. Dumped it here, as well as "df -i" and "du -sxk /" output. The fsck does give multiple free space errors, and df -i only shows 13% of inodes in use.

http://docs.google.com/View?id=dgrxhrtx_82fmxvtsfg

Is there a way to safely fix the problem on a live filesystem, due to Synology's custom distro ignoring tune2fs's check interval settings on boot?